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Child Development

Question: What evidence is there that children’s development is influenced by play with siblings and peers?

Answer: Children’s play provides an interesting arena for viewing developmental skills in action. Play may be considered as one of the most vital activities for children in all cultures. It is believed to serve many important functions for children\\\'s development, including cognitive skills (such as, language use, problem-solving, role-playing) and social advances (such as, friendships, social compete......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: To what extent do transactional models help in understanding the origins and development of disturbing behaviour in young children?

Answer: This essay will assess the usefulness of transactional models in understanding the origins and development of disturbing behaviour in young children. I will briefly explore what constitutes disturbed behaviour and then outline some cause/effect explanations by different psychological approaches. The reasoning behind transactional models will be laid out as proposed by Sameroff and Chandler 1975 (i......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: What is informed consent? Give an example of how it might be obtained when working with children.

Answer: Informed consent is the process of making participants aware of the key elements and methods of a research study that they will be taking part in. This allows participants to fully appreciate possible ramifications for themselves and therefore freely agree to take part in research. Consent must be gained before participants take part in the research. It is essential that consent is formalised ......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: What is a research hypothesis?

Answer: A research hypothesis is a prediction of relationships between variables. For example a causal relationship: Participants will recall more item names which were presented with a matching olfactory stimulus than item names presented with a non-matching olfactory stimulus. In this case the olfactory stimulus is the independent variable (i.e. manipulated) and number of items remembered is the......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: Why is counterbalancing used in experimental research? What is a cross-sectional research design?

Answer: Cross-sectional research design is where different participant groups are populated by people sharing a personal property thus allowing cross-sectional comparisons to be made. The personal property is usually demographic in its nature (e.g. age, gender or group). For example Sen et al (2001) use a cross-sectional design in a study comparing depth perception in five and seven-month-old infants.......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: Exploring children’s temperament coherence - A short research plan.

Answer: Hinde & Tobin, 1986 (cited in Bk1 pp187-188) carried out a study into children’s temperament coherence. Their findings did not provide conclusive evidence for coherence as simply an exact repetition of behaviours across social contexts. However Hinde 1989 (ibid. pp187-188) suggested the results showed that, although children’s behaviours across situations are not identical, behaviours were sim......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: Evaluate recent challenges to Nativist theories of language development.

Answer: In 1965 linguist Noam Chomsky first set out his nativist views on the processes and mechanisms that facilitated language acquisition and use for humans. He proposed innate systems for recognising, assimilating and reproducing grammatically correct speech. Others, (e.g. Fodor, Pinker) have elaborated Chomsky\'s original theory with their own descriptions of particular facets of language development......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: A quantitative study investigating proposals for a developmental progression in children’s self-concept.

Answer: This study explored proposals (e.g. Harter 1983 in Miell & Ding 2005) that children’s self-concept follows a developmental sequence. A questionnaire (App’ A) elicited statements of self concept, from two children aged eight and sixteen respectively, which were elaborated in a recorded semi-structured interview (examples App’ B1 & B2) of each participant. Participant’s statements were coded......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: What are the risk factors that lead some children to become bullies and others to adopt bullying strategies; evaluate school, classroom and individual interventions?
Discuss with reference to relevant research evidence.

Answer: There is evidence to support that children show ‘risk factors’ that can predispose bullying or victim behaviour. The stereotypical bully and portrayed in the media as tall, strong, academically inept, seeking power and vice versa for victims is inaccurate. As research proves that bullies and victims originate from all types of families regardless of socio-economic status and cultural backgro......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: A qualitative study examining children\'s development of scientific thinking.

Answer: Abstract This study compares Piaget’s (in Oates et al, 2005) and Vygotsky’s (ibid.) respective theories on processes involved in children\'s cognitive development. Specifically, scientific thinking is examined using children\'s explanations for why things float or sink obtained via adaptation of procedures first used by Piaget in the 1930s. A simple experiment elicits children\'s explanations......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

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Child Development

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