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Question: The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
Answer: DNA central dogma illustrates the flow of genetic information of “DNA to RNA to Protein”; the process is broken down into three steps: transcription, translation & replication whilst new research on the processing of RNA also shows a fourth step must be added: splicing.
Transcription
This discussion beings at the transcription stage, this is where DNA is transferred to a newly assembled piece of messenger RNA (mRNA); this is facilitated by RNA polymerase & transcription factors whilst it can be shortened as DNA > RNA. RNA polymerase was discovered in 1960 by Samuel Weiss & Jerard Hurwitz & it’s the enzyme that has responsibility for the DNA-directed synthesis of RNA; the enzymes are joined together, ribonucleoside triphosphates (ATP, CTP, GTP, UTP) on DNA templates within a reaction is driven by the release & subsequent hydrolysis of pyrophosphate (PPi). Every cell possess RN...(short extract)
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- Subject: Biology
- Course: Biology
- Level: A-Level
- Year: Not applicable
- Mark: Not available
- Words: 1996
- Date submitted: February 26, 2016
- Date written: January, 2015
- References: Yes
- Document type: Essay*
- Essay ID: 7148
