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Question: “A notation should be directed to a large extent towards the people who read it, rather than towards the sounds they will make.” (Cornelius Cardew, 1961) Discuss.

Answer: The endeavours of some Experimentalist composers in the 1950s and 1960s, including Cornelius Cardew and John Cage (parenthetically, Cage’s own quote, ‘Let the notations refer to what is to be done, not what is to be heard’ , has resonances with the title quote) were a purposeful reaction to the determinacy of the Serialists. However, the notions of integral serialism and indeterminacy share.....(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: To what extent did the composers of symphonies in the Soviet Union manage to comply with the strictures of state control of music whilst retaining a degree of creative individuality?

Answer: Here, Comrade Khrennikov, Chairman of USSR Composers\' Union delivers a message to his audience, embodying the ideals and functions to which he demands the music of the Soviet Union must adhere. The state clearly relished the notion that music could be utilised to consolidate and enforce a national solidarity that would that would embrace the national doctrine of social realism......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: How should the jury be directed in respect of the ‘objective’ element of the defence of provocation?

Answer: The defence of provocation is a special defence to murder contained in the Homicide Act 1957. It is referred to as a special defence as it only applies to the law of murder. It is also a partial defence as it does not provide a complete defence but can reduce a murder charge to a manslaughter charge......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: [For a practice to be subject to the criminal sanction] it is not enough in our submission that [it] is . . . regarded as immoral. Nor is it enough that it should cause harm. Both of these are minimal conditions for action by means of the criminal law but the are not sufficient. Clarkson, CMV and Keating, HM, Criminal Law: Text and Materials, London: Sweet & Maxwell, 1990, p 25. Assess the validity of this assertion.

Answer: The above assertion suggests that, the belief that a practice is immoral or harmful should not alone constitute grounds for criminalisation. Rather a degree of rationality that focuses upon the possible advantages and disadvantages of criminalisation combined with a respect for individual autonomy should also guide criminal law......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: What has been the influence, if any, of the Human Rights Act 1998 on the development of English tort law?

Answer: The Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA) gave further legal effect in the UK to the fundamental rights and freedoms contained in the European Convention on Human Rights. It has since proved hugely influential in the development and practice of many areas of law in the UK. Certainly it has and will continue to profoundly influence the development of English tort law......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: The government’s idea of meaningful partnerships between statutory agencies and the local community to address public health issues is an unachievable fantasy?

Answer: The approach of statutory bodies attempting to address the health needs of local communities has often been the development of partnerships - formal or informal arrangements to work together to some joint purpose. The definition of meaningful is ‘serious and important’ , so these partnerships should not be superficial in nature. Statutory agencies are organisations required or authorised by la.....(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: Neonate with severe Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. A case study.

Answer: This case study is about a neonate with severe Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy, therefore it will take into account pathophysiological, diagnostic and grading issues surrounding HIE, and how these reflect on prognosis; consideration to the ethical issues associated with withdrawal of intensive care support will be made, encapsulating the infant’s predicted quality of life; finally, the impact t.....(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: Why is depression more common in women than in men?

Answer: Although the diagnostic criteria for major depression, as detailed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV, 1994), are the same for men and women, the presentation and course of depression is often different in women. It has been suggested that for women the age of onset may be earlier, duration of episodes may be longer and the course of illness is often recurrent (Wi.....(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: Critically appraise the use of the concept of medicalisation in understanding dementia.

Answer: The aim of this paper is to critically appraise the use of the concept of medicalisation, as used by sociologists to examine dementia. It will examine medicalisation and dementia and the association between the two. Three papers that have used medicalisation to understand and explain dementia will be examined. The papers will be critically appraised on the strengths and limitations of the author�.....(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

Question: ‘The difficulties of proceeding with an action in private nuisance are grave, but the prospects of potential claimants have increased with the coming into force of the Human Rights Act 1998.’ Discuss.

Answer: The law on private nuisance, frequently presents a number of uncertainties with respect to its application in any given scenario......(short extract) to download the full answer, please Sign in or Register then make a payment or submit an essay

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